Seeing no evil Transmitting thoughts into the great creative Unified Consciousness, combined with faith, creates physical reality. It doesn't matter if these thoughts are good or evil - if there is faith, they will be embodied. This is the law. Thought and faith create reality! Believe in success and you will succeed.

Do you tend to see that the glass is half empty or half full? To find out, read these statements and pretend you are going through the situation described. How would you react? Some of the answers may not be exactly what you think, but choose the answer that is closer to your way of thinking.

At the end of the test, see which answers correspond to the optimistic or pessimistic attitude and find out your result.

1. You found a dollar bill on the street. You think:
A. "What a lucky person I am!"
B. "What an observant person I am!"

2. After following a strict diet, you can lose 10 pounds. You think:
A. “This diet is very effective! I hope to lose more pounds. "
B. “My efforts have paid off! I will be able to lose weight. "

3. You are at a party and you meet your friend, whom you are very happy to see. Your thoughts:
A. "Fortunately, I decided to come to the party."
B. "I was in the right place at the right time."

4. You were about to have a picnic with your friends, but it is raining. You think:
A. "I should have planned it better."
B. “What a misfortune! Everything will be fine next time. "

5. You win the quiz. You think:
A. "I guess I have a good memory."
B. "Fortunately, the quiz had questions that I knew the answers to."

6. It's the end of the month and you don't have enough money to pay all your bills. You think:

A. “It was not a good month. Things will get better next month. "
B. "I'm not very good with money management."

Answers

1.A. Pessimism
B. optimism

2.A. Pessimism
B. optimism

3.A. Optimism
B. pessimism

4.A. Pessimism
B. optimism

5.A. Optimism
B. pessimism

6.A. Optimism
B. pessimism

An optimistic person knows how to distinguish between fate and success. He believes in his strengths and associates every positive result he gets with his hard work and personal ability. Even if things don't go well, the optimistic person doesn't get discouraged. Sets goals and dreams.

It doesn't matter if the glass is half empty or half full. Be grateful to fate that you have a glass, and there is something in it. With this introduction, we begin a conversation about why life seems to one to be an endless series of failures, while to another one perceives all troubles as a respite between pleasant events.

What prevents us from being happy

Misfortune comes to a house where there are many shades of gray. Sometimes people just don't have enough joy. Is this talking about their emotional burnout, or is it a matter of their own choice? Or has life turned to them as a dark side due to circumstances beyond their control? In depression and other psychological illnesses, there are also factors that contribute to a depressed mood. There are fifty reasons why you can be unhappy, and just as many suggestions on how to open the psychological blinds so that the sun will illuminate your life again.

Still, empty or full?

You may not be aware of this, but any little things in life (or, as pessimists say, abominations of life) can poison your life. This is the age-old question: is the glass half full or half empty? A witty psychological test phrase doesn't really matter that much. That is, not the phrase itself, but the state of the fullness of the glass. At least, this is what the researcher Sean Achor thinks: “Our entire brain focuses on the glass, whether it is half full or half empty,” says the psychologist, “and we can argue forever over this hackneyed cliche, talk with optimists and pessimists on this topic. and both can say that the truth is on their side. ”By and large, they are both right - and both are wrong. Truth is different.

Achor's theory

Instead of focusing on the glass, it's better to imagine a jug of water standing next to it, the psychologist suggests.

This is a completely different way of looking at things. Achor points out: "We can really affect the state of the glass. I can really care less about whether the glass is half full or half empty if I can fill it to the brim at any moment."

This new twist has helped change many. The reviewers included renowned TV personality Oprah Winfrey, who said, "Oh, that's good. I can now worry less about my glass half empty or half full - if I have a jug to fill it." In a word, a person himself is able to correct the situation, no matter how hopeless it may seem.

Happiness as a necessity

Sean Achora has been called a man who studies happiness. He is the author of dozens of books and training courses that are wildly popular in America and around the world. At his trainings, he often asks the audience: what does it take to be happy - a house, a car, a prestigious job? Or is it all together? Of course, all this is essential, but there is one "but": all these attributes can only be in a person who is initially happy. That is, for someone whose glass is always half full, because he is tuned in to the result.

To what extent can the inner potential of a person, the success that can be achieved with the help of this potential, and ordinary happiness influence each other? Is it possible to think that only a person who has achieved success can truly become happy, or, on the contrary, happiness is an important element on the path to success? According to the theory of Sean Achor, it is extremely important to be happy for someone who strives to achieve success in life, since only happiness and good mood can affect the fruitfulness of efforts and their effectiveness. These and many other secrets are shared by Sean Achor with his readers in his bestseller "The Happiness Advantage".

Optimism - is it always rational?

There is one more side to the question: is it legitimate to remain an optimist in any situation? Probably not. There is a shaky line between the imaginary and the real. Irrational optimism that has nothing to do with reality can not only seem silly, but also become a source of frustration due to unfulfilled expectations. The harsh reality may be very different. That is, the glass may indeed be half empty.

How not to be disappointed in expectations?

One of the most common mistakes is that a person tries to portray himself as someone who he really is not, while ignoring his true abilities and talents. Achor is not inclined to convince someone of the magical properties of optimism, although its positive effect is indisputable. Correctly and reasonably set goals, adequate understanding of one's own capabilities, realism in the view of the world - all this does not at all exclude the action of optimism. It's just that in practice it becomes clear: you can look at the world with a smile for a complete realist, moreover, it will bring him a lot of pleasure.

Total: where does the glass?

Let's return to the symbol - a glass, which, with the light hand of psychologists, has become a kind of dispenser-meter of the degree of optimism or pessimism in a person. Who was the first to use this image to define a human character - no one remembers anymore. And the glass remained. The answer to the simple question "is this glass half empty or half full?" allows doctors to classify patients as optimists or those who see the world in a dim light.

However, there are other test techniques to determine whether a person belongs to one or another psychological type.

Relationship to the past and the future

“You can't live in the past,” we often hear. The attitude towards losses - whether it is human losses that are the most difficult to survive, or material, or missed opportunities - characterizes people as well as possible. The pessimist looks back all the time, he cannot move away from the moment when he lost someone or something. As of something good, he thinks only of what happened before this misfortune. And he does not have a thought to look ahead.

An optimistic person, on the other hand, understands that what happened cannot be corrected and the past cannot be returned. This means that you need to appreciate not what is gone, but what is left. And try to have something good ahead. Think of the metaphor of a jug of water that you can always fill your glass with, even if it's half empty. The value for an optimist is only what he will go into the future with, and the constant mourning of his position is a path to nowhere, and he understands this.

Similar metaphors

A glass is a more common image. But you can replace it with others, similar. For example, a metaphor for a wallet that is either half empty or half full. One suffers that the wallet is half empty, and the remaining money is unlikely to be enough for life before paycheck. The other thinks that there is still some money, and with its help it is possible to hold out for some time and solve a number of problems, and then, you see, it will be possible to rectify the situation. The attitude of patients with different types of temperament to their problem: one believes that he is half-dead, the other - that he is half-dead. There is a difference. And do not be surprised if the course of the disease in these two people is strikingly different.

No matter how we express our attitude to the world and what is happening in it, no psychotherapist can force an optimist to become a pessimist and vice versa. Unless, of course, the patient himself wants it. Therefore, everyone will have to decide for himself which glass is in front of him - half empty or half full.

What happens if a glass of water suddenly becomes half empty?

Vittorio Iacovella

Pessimists are perhaps more correct than optimists. When people say “a glass is half empty,” they usually mean that the glass contains equal amounts of water and air:

Typically, optimists see the glass as half full when pessimists see it as half empty. This gave rise to a bunch of jokes, for example: an engineer sees a glass that is twice as large as needed; the surrealist sees a giraffe eating a tie, etc.

But what if the empty half is really empty - vacuum. (Although even the vacuum is not truly empty, this is a question for quantum physics.)

The vacuum definitely won't last long. But what exactly will happen depends on the answer to the question that usually no one asks: “ What half empty? "

Imagine three different half-empty glasses and trace microsecond by microsecond what will happen to them.

In the middle is a traditional glass with air and water. On the right is a glass similar to an ordinary one, only instead of air there is a vacuum. The glass on the left is half full of water and half empty, but empty bottom part.

Well, imagine a vacuum at the origin, t \u003d 0.

In the first few nanoseconds, nothing happens. During this time, even the molecules will hardly move.

Air molecules vibrate at a speed of a couple of hundred meters per second. However, some of them move faster than others. The fastest move at a speed of about 1000 meters per second. They will be the first to enter the vacuum in the glass on the right.

The vacuum in the glass on the left is surrounded by barriers so that air molecules cannot quickly get inside. Water in a liquid state does not tend to occupy the available volume, as air does. However, due to the vacuum in the glass, the water begins to boil, and water vapor slowly begins to penetrate into the empty space.

While the surface of the water in both glasses begins to boil, air in the glass on the right rushes inward. The glass on the left continues to fill with small water droplets.

In a couple of microseconds, in the glass on the right, the air breaking through will completely fill the vacuum and create a shock wave in the liquid. The walls of the glass will begin to vibrate slightly, but they are strong enough and will not break, withstanding the vibration. The shock wave will bounce off the water and travel back upward, contributing to the turbulence flows generated there.

The shock wave from the vacuum collapse will last for about a millisecond, enough for it to spread to the other two glasses on the left. The glass and water sag slightly as the wave travels through them. In another couple of milliseconds, the wave will reach the human ear, and we will hear a loud bang.

At the same time, the glass on the left begins to rise noticeably into the air.

Atmospheric pressure presses on the glass and on the water equally. This is what we think of as suction power. The vacuum on the right does not last long, so the suction effect is not enough to lift the glass, but since air cannot enter the vacuum in the left glass, water and glass begin to creep towards each other.

Boiling water fills the vacuum with a very small amount of water vapor. The vacuum space is getting smaller, the increased amount of water vapor slowly increases the pressure on the water surface. This will eventually stop the boiling process, just as higher atmospheric pressure would.

Glass and water are now moving too fast for steam to form. Less than 10 milliseconds after the start of the countdown, they fly towards each other at a speed of a couple of meters per second. Without air cushioning between them - because there is only a couple of water vapor droplets - the water hits the bottom of the glass like a hammer.

Water really does not compress well, so that after the collision it will not splash out, but create a shock wave. The force of the blow will be so great that the glass will break.

This type of water hammer (of the same nature as the thud that can be heard in an old plumbing when the tap is turned off) is often used in a party trick: reproduced in MythBusters, learned in physics classes, and demonstrated in countless student dormitories - when hit the neck of the bottle to blow it up from below.

When a bottle is hit, it sinks very quickly. The liquid inside does not immediately react to the increased pressure, just like in our case, and a gap arises between the water and the bottom. It's a very thin split of a fraction of an inch, but when it collapses, the impact knocks out the bottom of the bottle.

In our case, these forces will be large enough to break even the most durable glasses.

We are used to dividing people into three categories: pessimists, optimists, and realists. In fact, each of those discussing the problem considers his own opinion to be the only correct one and most correctly reflecting the situation. "Do you really not understand? Isn't it obvious? Only a fool does not understand that ... "- such and similar" arguments "generously, as if from falling on the heads of opponents. They only prove the subjectivity of each of the opinions and nothing more.

Which of the disputants is an optimist and who is a pessimist? This will help us figure it out ... a glass of water!

Everybody wants to be realistic

As a rule, no one wants to recognize themselves as an optimist or pessimist. Everyone wants to be called realists. This philosophical problem was voiced. In his opinion, none exists, everything depends on the point of view. And there are no realists, everyone sees the world in his own way. A person can only realize to which camp he belongs. And as objectively as possible, although this, again, is practically impossible.

An ordinary transparent glass filled with water (or other liquid) to the middle can serve as a device for measuring the degree of optimism. Is this vessel half full or half empty? Everyone has already forgotten when this question was first asked.

Dr. Gaal's method of primary diagnosis

It has been a long time since the day when Gaal, an American psychologist, thought of conducting a very simple and visual test when admitting patients. He poured exactly 100 grams of water into a 200-gram glass container and asked: "How do you think this glass is half full or half empty?"

The response received told the psychologist a lot. Having heard him, it was possible to proceed to a more detailed diagnosis, but the main doctor already knew. If the patient claimed that the glass was half empty, then he could safely be attributed to the community of pessimistic fellow citizens, and therefore, most of his problems arose due to the gloomy attitude towards the world around him. This is bad, but not hopeless. About a similar ailment, doctors say that it is being treated. Unless, of course, the patient himself considers himself sick and wants healing.

Once Henry Ford, the automotive king of America, arguing with his pessimistic son, told him that in any problem one should see an opportunity to change the situation for the better. This is a vivid example of how a person thinks for whom the glass is always half full.

The optimist looks forward, not back

The human understanding of trouble or misfortune is tuned in to assessing losses. Thought returns over and over again to the memory of the state prior to the moment when the unhappiness arose. “How wonderful everything would have been if it hadn’t happened” - this is the main leitmotif of reasoning directed to the past. But the trouble has already happened, and people have not yet learned to turn back the time. Now we need to think not about what has been lost, but soberly assess the remaining assets, developing along the way the most rational possibilities for their use. In other words, decide whether the glass is half full or half empty, even if only a third or a quarter is left. The value for the optimist is not what is gone, but what is.

A look at disease and illiteracy

People get sick sometimes. Sometimes ailments get overwhelmed so much that the sick person himself says to himself: "I am in a half-dead state." Another, more optimistic patient, although not in the best condition, defines himself as half-dead. At the same time, medical science has reliably established that belief in recovery significantly affects the effectiveness of treatment, and the psychological attitude is no less important than the most modern and sophisticated medicines.

Interestingly, people with little education often call themselves semi-literate, but never semi-illiterate. This is a manifestation of their optimism about possible further training and a completely accurate realization that knowledge cannot diminish.

Half full wallet

The glass is not the only measure of the true position. Was your wallet half full or half empty after paying debts and payments for gas, water and electricity? How many days will the purchased products last? Will there be enough money for new shoes for children? These and similar questions have to be answered by poor people who live in anticipation of advance payments and wages. Deepening in contemplation of one's own financial problems is fraught with the danger of losing additional earnings or irrational spending of the remaining money, that is, further deteriorating the situation. By focusing on the opportunities offered by the remaining resources and seeking additional funds, the situation can be improved.

In any case, no psychologist can inspire his patient with the proper degree of optimism if he does not want to. We live in a free world where everyone decides for himself what his glass is - half empty or full.