The only satellite of the earth is the moon. Natural satellites of the planets What is the natural satellite of the earth
Moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth. And the only body beyond the earth, as people saw - less than 12 people on board the six Apollo missions. It happened in the period from the fall of 1969 to the rock of 1972. Also M_syats buv and є the object of robotic numerical robotic probes.
Satellite of the Earth - Moon
As a result of the robots "Apollo" and the monthly programs of the SRSR, 382 kg were delivered to Earth. monthly breed. In addition, a few monthly meteorites have been found. Bіlshіst іz tsikh zrazkіv mаyut vіk vіd 4,6 to 3 blіardіv rokіv. And yet there is one vinyatok - a monthly meteorite, which is estimated at 2.8 billion years. All the stink to avenge valuable information about the early history of the Sonyach system. It is important to know the Earth through tectonic activity. And also the presence of a strong atmosphere in the rest of 3.8 billion rocks.
The month is superbly great among the relatives of the world of his “lord” (in this respect, Charon only has the first). Tovshchina її measles in the middle to become 68 km. Won thin on the near side of the Earth, and may practically zero tovshchina pіd Mare Crisium (Sea Crisis). Below the measles is the mantle and, perhaps, the core is small. It may be close to 340 kilometers at the radius and to cover close to 2% of the monthly mass.
The center of the mass is located in the geometric center approximately 2 kilometers from the straight line of the Earth.
How great is the Moon plucked from the Earth?
The diameter of the Moon is 3,474 kilometers, and that of the Earth is 12,800 kilometers. Tse means that the Earth's diameter is 3.68 times larger, lower than that of the Moon. The area of the surface of the Earth is approximately 13 times larger, lower than that of the Month (it may be approximately the area of the surface of Africa). Approximately 50 months can fit in the middle of the Earth. The Mass of the Moon is 81 times less, the Earth is lower.
Pokhodzhennya Mіsyatsa and yogo early history
The journey of the month is left as a subject of debate. Until recently, the thought was broadened in that it was formed over 4.5 billion years ago. Ulamki became a useful material, which appeared during the closing of the Earth with a body of roses, close to roses. This hypothetical object is called Theia.
In 2012, the theory was put to rest as a result of computer investigations, which showed that, having poured in, it was due to the fate of a bigger and smarter object that is collapsing. Only a greater object of the moment caused such a blow to the Earth, which created a part of our planet, which the Moon made from the melting of the rocks. Under this scenario, it somehow vaguely flows into the stressed object into the speech of Month. cicavia fact– deuces of isotopic blue (zocrema, sour and titanium) in the material of the monthly surface may be identical to those found in terrestrial rocks.
Monthly seas
Zovnіshnі verstvi Mіsyatsa, smelt and how to avenge the global "ocean of magma", cooled down for the last 4.5 billion years. They can be traced to infections in monthly fevers. Cі ancient ruptured rocks, like anorthosity, rich in silicate mineral plagioclase. The stench itself gives the monthly heights a characteristic light color.
After the molding of the Moon, it was intensely bombarded with surface meteorites. Vaughn called out to the great ruination and fragmentation of measles. Nearly 4 billion years ago, the month, having recognized a number of cataclysms, yak created pools, called seas. The onset of volcanic activity, which occurred approximately 4 to 2.5 billion years ago, flooded the pools with molten lava. In an hour, the water cooled and hardened the dark basalt. From that hour, the Moon changed little, behind a wisp of fluctuations inflows on the surface of meteorites and comets.
Geological activity on the month
The moon is full of geological activity. Appliances, cast on the moon surface by the Apollo astronauts, fixed small seismic pods. The stench is like "mysyatsetrusi". There are hundreds of kilometers of stench on the mudflats of the kilka. Possibly, the tides of stress cry out, which are blamed through the gravitational gravity of the Earth. In addition, it was necessary to have a lot of information about the processes, which are called transitional monthly events. The most notorious of them was Ken Mattingly, the pilot of the command module "Apollo-16", who told about the appearance of light on the moon.
Concentration of masi or masconi, tied with the seas, rimmed with the presence of spherical basalt lava. The stench was revealed in the 1960s of the 20th century. Masconi gave a gravitational injection to the orbital movement of the monthly orbital probes. Local magnetic regions are also affected by some of the existing craters, although the month does not have a global magnetic field.
Check that water
Naturally, both philosophers and romantics have long dreamed of virushit on the Moon and know there a reasonable life. But the possibility of a monthly life (because of the wine, perhaps, the singing types of vitrival bacteria) was unthinkable. It did not happen after being aware that the month does not have any atmosphere, any rare water. However, recent warnings confirmed the significance of deep craters at the poles of the moons.
Interaction Earth-Moon
The gravitational interplay between the Earth and the Month called for deacons of effects. The most obvious are tides. The gravitational pull of the Moon is stronger on the sides of the Earth, closest to the Moon. Shards of the Earth and її oceans are absolutely zhorstky, the stench stretches until the Moon. In our opinion, there are only two small "bulges". One in a straight line Misyatsya and one straight ahead. The effect is more pronounced in the oceans, lower in solid bark, so the water changes. The shards of the Earth turn around richly, the lower Moon collapses in its orbit, the “bulges” collapse around the Earth about once in production. That's why you need two hot drinks a day.
The asymmetric nature of the gravitational interaction can lead to the fact that the Moon wraps around synchronously with the Earth. That is why it is blocking in such a phase of its orbit, for which one and the same side has been sent to us. So, just like the wrapper of the Earth is succumbing to the influx of the Moon, at the past the wrapper of the Moon was succumbing to the action of the Earth. Ale, in the rest of the day, the effect was richly strong. If the swedishness of the wrapping of Mіsyatsya calmed down, and began to match the orbital period, she no longer had the moment to twist. A stable situation has been reached. The same happened to the greater number of other satellites in the Sonyachny system.
the reverse side of the Moon
A month of troubles vagaetsya (through yoga we do not call a circular orbit). Therefore, sometimes you can batchit a small part of the surface on the collar. But the greater part of the turnaround side was known to be unknown to the docks, the probe "Month-3" did not photograph the docks in 1959.
| Monthly statistics | |
|---|---|
| middle day in the center of the Earth | 384,400 km (238,906 miles) |
| diameter | 3,476 km (2,160 mi) |
| masa (Earth = 1) | 0,0122 |
| middle class | 3.34 g/cm3 |
| surface gravity (Earth = 1) | 0,165 |
| other cosmic speed | 2.38 km/s (8568 km/year) |
| orbital period | 27.3 days |
| orbital eccentricity | 0,055 |
| sick orbit | 5.1° |
| axial period | 27.3 days (gravity lock) |
| Maximum. surface temperature | 117oC (243oF) |
| minimum surface temperature | -163oC (-261oC) |
| albedo | 0,07 |
Deyakі commemorative specialties on the month |
|
|---|---|
| Feature | Description |
| Aitken Basin | Impact Basin near the Pivdenny Polar Region. With a diameter of close to 2500 km, the maximum depth is about 12 km and the average depth is close to 10 km, the price is the largest and the deepest impact basin near the Sonyachny system |
| Apennine | Girsky ridge, which rises up to 4572 m on the pivdenno-skhidny edge of Mare Imbrium. The largest elevation difference is on Mіsyatsі, more lower than the Himalayan front and the plains of India and Nepal. The landing site of Apollo 15 was arranged so that the astronauts could pass through the Moon module before the fall of the Apennines during the first hour of two excursions |
| baiji | The largest crater on the outskirts of Mіsyatsya with a diameter of 295 km and a maximum depth of 3.96 km. The structure has been eroded |
| Copernicus | A crater 93 kilometers wide, which is one of the most important objects on the moon's surface. What vindicated less than 1 billion fates to that one of the youngest craters of the Moon. The new one has a system of yaskravih exchanges, the most visible at full moon |
| More Doshchiv | The largest and youngest of the gigantic pools of Mіsyatsya. Asteroid zіtknennya, yake formed yogo close to 3.9 billion years ago, practically caused the surface of the Moon to explode; magma emerged on most of the surface of the Moon from deep cracks that appeared. Through the cracks, the lava wafted, resembling a larger part of the pool and flooding the dark between a width of 1300 kilometers, looking like Mare Imbrium |
| Sea Skhidne | Formed in 3.8 to 3.9 billion years, which shows three concentric rings of weight. It is also obvious that there are strong radial lines that are created by the flow of wikis. |
| Tycho Crater | Miraculous crater with a width of 85 kilometers, connected with the most extensive system of exchanges on the Moon. In some areas, the change is greater than 1500 kilometers; їhnya skravіst svіdchit about those who were Tycho buv formations recently. Possibly, stretching the rest of 3 billion years |
Chi one satellite near the Earth?
At all times, people vvazhali that the Earth can be a satellite - Month. Only recently there was evidence that the Moon is not the only natural satellite of our planet. In the myths of old, it was possible to know information about the fall of such a cosmic body to Earth
At the pivnochi of Argentina, the district of roses Campo del Cielo - « sky field Tsya called a guess about an old Indian legend, how to tell about those, how in the very same place a mysterious fiery sack fell from the sky. .
In 1576 roci Spaniard Herman Mexico de Miraval in the midst of the swampy lowlands of the Gran Chaco, five hundred miles to the front of Santa Fe, having spent a shave on the great cold. the expedition to the salve was shaved by don Rubin de Celis in 1783. Vіn estimating the weight of the object at about fifteen tons Detailed description tsієї wondrous ї shaved not saved, and more її nіhto not bachiv, wanting to try vіdshukati її fought repeatedly, and dosi mrіy vіdshukati taєmnichiy ob'єkt rozburhuє vyavu shukaіv prigod.
At 1803 roci on the outskirts of Campo del Cielo, there are nearly a ton of meteorite manifestations in vipadkovo. A part of its surface was specially polished, so that it was possible to build up the metal structure with the so-called “Widmanstetten figures”, which testifies to the after-earth travel of the object and other fragments of the meteorite consumed.
Tim an hour on the outskirts of Campo del Cielo dosі continue to know meteorites and marvelous flood fragments with a mass of a few kilos to a lot of tons. great important 33.4 tons 1980 rock the place where Gancedo was born The American Meteorite Reporter Robert Hug wanted a fragment to bring Yogo to the United States, but the Argentine government was against it. 60 tons.
Nadzvichayno large number meteorites, found on a fairly small area, to tell about those that a thousand years ago a whole "meteor shower" spilled over the Earth. it has the shape of an ellipse, twisted for 17 kilometers and 6 kilometers across from the largest crater, Laguna Negra, with a maximum diameter of 115 meters, and a depth of more than two meters.
Legends and knowledge of Campo del Cielo In 1961, a large number of other metal meteorites, the so-called hexaderites, are formed practically from a chemically clean hall. the strands fall to the Earth, spreading like an ellipse with a maximum diameter of about 1600 meters. And on Campo del Cielo, the diameter becomes 17 km.
The publications of the previous bells and whistles, which were followed by Kessid, called out a sensation Until the new, hundreds of volunteer helpers appeared.
Residual visnovok, which was the expedition of Kessidi, like this:
The majestic meteorite falling to the Earth is not from a sleepy orbit. Until the fall, the heavenly body was moving in an elliptical earth orbit, step by step approaching the Earth. For a long time, the body was another natural satellite of the Earth!
Vidpovidno to the hypothesis, " Month-2"step by step approached from the Earth under the influx of the force of the earth's gravity, the docks overturned the so-called "cordon Roche" and fell apart. These fragments for another hour were sent into Earth orbit, and then they entered the atmosphere and began to fall down on the surface of the Earth. Zusillami Kessidi hexaderiti knew about 1,000 kilometers on the way to Campo del Cielo, on the territory of Chile.
When did this cosmic catastrophe take place? The manifestations on the її mіstsі of charring the stump of a tree - the result of a gigantic fire caused by meteorite bombardment - May per century is close to 5800 years.
... More than six or six thousand years ago, in the night sky above the Earth, two Months could have been going on. And then... Let's, maybe, and that catastrophe itself was trapped, about how the legends of that myth of the wealthy peoples of the world were told: The world is collapsing." The consequences of this catastrophe were the destruction of the earth's axis by 30 degrees, tectonic destruction, and, possibly, the flooding of the great land plots. And maybe, on the plain of Campo del Cielo, there is a clue to the mystery of Atlantis?
In astrology, the moon is considered to be separate from the female, maternal cob. Month is impermanent and cryptic, like a woman.
The phases of the month are closely related to the rich life cycles of the earth. At different Phases of the month zminyuєtsya that її inflow to get out the body of a person.
It is noted that the hour of the recessionary phase of the month is growing, the number of lads that are growing, and the number of people of girls is declining. Not only in sick people, but in healthy people, pouring in M_syatsya є dosit vodchutnym. It turns out, for example, in the increase in practice and vigilance in the period of the new month, as well as in the decrease in activity and the increase in the second half of the young.
Є th statistic data, which indicate the increase in the number of evils during the first hour of the new month. In this rank, you can make visnovok, which is the link betweenPhases of the month and the spiritual camp of people, which is reflected in the change of mood.
Month
Month - one natural companion Earth. The other object in the earthly sky after the Sun and five times in size is the natural companion of the Sonyach system. It is also the first (and in 2009 it is the only one) underground object of natural adventure, which a person has visited. The average distance between the centers of the Earth and the Moon is 384,467 km.
Month- The only natural satellite of the Earth. Vіdstan vіd the Earth to Міsyatsya dorivnyuє 384.4 yew. km. The diameter of the moon is 3474 km, three times larger, less than a quarter of the Earth's diameter. Vіdpovіdno rozmіr Mіsyatsya for obsyagom to become less than 2% vіd vіd obyagu of the Earth. Through a smaller mass, the gravitational force on the Moon is 6 times smaller, lower on the Earth. The period of the coming Moon around the Earth becomes 27.3 days. In view of the fact that the Moon can reach a great mass and be seen visibly close to the Earth, we are able to observe the gravitational interaction between them, at the sight of tides and tides. Sink more memory on the shores of the oceans, de stinks reach the size of a few meters, so they can also be found in closed waterways, and wind up near the earth's crust. As a result of tides and inflows, energy is wasted in the Earth-Moon system through the earth, which vibrates between the oceans and the bottom, and between the earth's crust and mantle. This waste of energy leads to the fact that the force of interdependence between the Earth and the Month is constantly decreasing, it is explained that the rise between the Earth and the Month will increase by about 4 cm wide.
The moon was one heavenly body, a man hung on a yak. The first piece object, which undermined the gravity of the Earth and flew in the order of the Moon, was the station Mіsyatsya 1. All three monthly programs were successfully completed in 1959. The first successful landing on Mіsyats was zdіysnenskoy station Mіsyats 9. The American monthly program "Apollo" rozpochalas on the cob of the 60s of the past century from the statement of President Kennedy, scho the United States to launch people on Mіsyats until the end of 60. As a result of the US programs, there were 6 successful benefits per month between 1969 and 1972. After the completion of the Apollo program, our natural satellite actually stuck for a period of more than 30 years. Less than on the cob of our century, the kіlka kіlka kraїn, the middle ones of Russia, the USA and China, announced the beginning of their monthly programs, the results of which turn people to the month.
Two sides of the month
The period of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month of the month, on one side. Through the peculiarities of the wrapping of the Moon and the Earth, we can predict close to 59% of the surface of the Moon. That part of the Moon, which is not visible from the Earth, is called the "turning side" of the Moon. Zvorotny bіk Mіsyatsya was first photographed by the Ryansk month station Month 3 in 1959.
Last month 2009
| Moscow Hour (MSK) | Universal hour (UTC) | ||||
| Nd | September 11, 2009 | 06:25:13 | Nd | September 11, 2009 | 03:25:13 |
| Mon | February 9, 2009 | 17:47:17 | Mon | February 9, 2009 | 14:47:17 |
| Wed | March 11, 2009 | 05:35:49 | Wed | March 11, 2009 | 02:35:49 |
| Thu | April 9, 2009 | 18:53:58 | Thu | April 9, 2009 | 14:53:58 |
| Sat | May 9, 2009 | 07:59:47 | Sat | May 9, 2009 | 03:59:47 |
| Nd | March 7, 2009 | 22:10:38 | Nd | March 7, 2009 | 18:10:38 |
| Tue | July 7, 2009 | 13:20:38 | Tue | July 7, 2009 | 09:20:38 |
| Thu | 6 sickle 2009 | 04:53:41 | Thu | 6 sickle 2009 | 00:53:41 |
| Fri | April 4, 2009 | 20:00:54 | Fri | April 4, 2009 | 16:00:54 |
| Nd | July 4, 2009 | 10:08:37 | Nd | July 4, 2009 | 06:08:37 |
| Mon | 2 leaf fall 2009 | 22:12:58 | Mon | 2 leaf fall 2009 | 19:12:58 |
| Wed | 2 breast 2009 | 10:29:40 | Wed | 2 breast 2009 | 07:29:40 |
| Thu | December 31, 2009 | 22:11:26 | Thu | December 31, 2009 |
19:11:26 |
Youth moon 2009
| Moscow Hour (MSK) | Universal hour (UTC) | ||||
| Mon | September 26, 2009 | 10:51:44 | Mon | September 26, 2009 | 07:51:44 |
| Wed | February 25, 2009 | 04:32:42 | Wed | February 25, 2009 | 01:32:42 |
| Thu | March 26, 2009 | 19:07:40 | Thu | March 26, 2009 | 16:07:40 |
| Sat | April 25, 2009 | 07:24:26 | Sat | April 25, 2009 | 03:24:26 |
| Nd | May 24, 2009 | 16:09:09 | Nd | May 24, 2009 | 12:09:09 |
| Mon | March 22, 2009 | 23:31:53 | Mon | March 22, 2009 | 19:31:53 |
| Wed | Lipnya 22, 2009 | 06:34:12 | Wed | Lipnya 22, 2009 | 02:34:12 |
| Thu | September 20, 2009 | 14:02:12 | Thu | September 20, 2009 | 10:02:12 |
| Fri | 18 spring 2009 | 22:41:22 | Fri | 18 spring 2009 | 18:41:22 |
| Nd | July 18, 2009 | 09:27:22 | Nd | July 18, 2009 | 05:27:22 |
| 16 leaf fall 2009 | 22:10:56 | Mon | 16 leaf fall 2009 | 19:10:56 | |
| Wed | December 16, 2009 | 15:03:20 | Wed | December 16, 2009 |
12:03:20 |
The monthly month has two most important points, which are connected with the provisions of the month of the sun. Tse young man and new month.
Neominnya (Greek neomenia - "young moon" "), old - the first light - the first appearance of the monthly sickle in the sky after the young.The change will not appear later, lower after 3 days after the young.At neomenії Mіsyat’s posterіgaєtsya at the day for a sprat of whilin before its sunset
Phases of the month
Phases of the Moon (type Greek.Phasis - appearance)
Phases of the month- different forms visible from the Earth illuminated by the Sun part of the Moon. The change of the phases of the Moon is framed by the change of the mutual expansion of the Sun, the Earth and the Moon. Distinguish between the main phases of the month:
-1- Young month;
-2- first quarter;
-3 last month;
-4- the rest of the quarter.
Vik Mіsyatsya
Vik Mіsyatsya - the number of days that passed from the phase of the young month.
Vipukliy Mіsyats
Vipukliy Month - the phase of Month between the first quarter and the last month or between the last month and the last quarter.
Monthly rhythms
Monthly rhythms - biological rhythms that follow the cycle of phases of Month (29.53 days) or monthly doby (24.8 years). Monthly rhythms are typical for sea roslins that creature.
month
month- The period of change of the monthly phases, which starts from the young, then - the first quarter, the last month and the last quarter.
Youth moon
The Young Moon is one of the four main phases of the Moon, if the Moon passes approximately between the Sun and the Earth between the Earth and the Sun and the other is not visible from the Earth.
The moment of the young man is at the dawn of the Moon from the Sun.
If during the young month the Moon passes exactly between the Earth and the Sun, then one is afraid of a sleepy blackout.
first quarter
The first quarter is the phase of the Moon, if exactly half of the visible disk is illuminated, and the Moon arrives.
The first quarter is at the moment, if the month is at a similar square.
Last month
The last month is one of the four main phases of the month, if the moon is in the opposite direction of the Sun directly and it is visible from the Earth like a new disk.
The moment of the new month comes at the standing of the month of that Sun.
As if at the beginning of the month to pass through the shadow of the Earth, then the moon will be darkened.
Remaining quarter
The remaining quarter is the phase of the Moon, if exactly half of the visible disk is illuminated, and the Moon changes.
The rest of the quarter is at the moment, if Mіsyats is resting at the back square.
Growing month
Month, scho growth - a part of the cycle of phases Month, if part of the visible disk is illuminated, it increases.
Synod month
Synodic month - an hour between two last new moons, what may middle trivality 29.53059 deb.
The synodic month is greater than the sidereal month by an hour when the Moon passes the additional 1/13 part of its orbit.
Old moon
Changing Moon - a part of the cycle of phases of the Moon, if a part of the visible disk is illuminated, it changes.
Monthly calendar for spring 2009
1st spring - phase of Month: II quarter (youth of Month), until 19:15 12, then 13 month day
Spring 1 - Month at the sign of Aquarius at 3:43 GMT
1st spring - inhospitable hour: until 03:43 GMT
2 spring - phase of Month: II quarter (young Month), until 19:27 13, then 14 month day
Spring 2 - Month at the sign of Aquarius
3 spring - phase of Month: II quarter (young Month), until 19:37 14, then 15 month day
3 spring - Month at the Rib sign from 16:00 GMT
3rd spring - unfriendly hour: 5:20 - 16:00 GMT
Spring 4 - Month phase: Monday 16:03 GMT
until 19:45 15th, then 16th day of the month
4 spring - Month at the sign of Rib
Spring 5 - phase of the month: III quarter (changing month), until 19:55 16, then 17 month day
Spring 5 - Month at the sign of Rib
5th spring - unfriendly hour: from 16:50 GMT to the end of the day
Spring 6 - Month phase: III quarter (changing Month), until 20:02 17, then 18 month day
Spring 6 - Month at the sign of Aries at 2:15 GMT
Spring 6 - unfriendly hour: until 2:15 GMT
Spring 7 - Month phase: III quarter (changing Month), until 20:12 18, then 19 month day
Spring 7 - Month at the sign of Aries
7th spring - pleasant hour: all day
Spring 8 - Month phase: III quarter (changing Month), until 20:25 19, then 20 month day
Spring 8 - Month at the sign of Taurus at 10:18 GMT
Spring 8 - unfriendly hour: 00:13 - 10:18 GMT
Spring 9 - Month phase: III quarter (changing Month), until 20:45 20, then 21 month day
Spring 9 - Month at the sign of Taurus
Spring 10 - Month phase: III quarter (changing Month), until 21:11 21, then 22 month day
Spring 10 - Month at the Bliznyukiv sign from 16:17 GMT
Spring 10 - friendly hour: 6:30 - 7:17 GMT
Spring 10 - unfriendly hour: 7:17 - 16:17 GMT
Spring 11 - Month phase: III quarter (March), until 21:55 22, then 23 month day
11 spring - Month at the sign of Bliznyukiv
Spring 12 - Month phase: Fourth quarter (changing Month), until 22:55 23, then 24 month day
12 spring - Month at the sign of Raku from 20:20 GMT
12th spring - unfriendly hour: 11:30 - 20:20 GMT
Spring 13 - Month phase: Fourth quarter (changing Month), 24 month day
Spring 13 - Month at the sign of Cancer
Spring 14 - Month phase: Fourth quarter (changing Month), from 00:17 25 month day
Spring 14 - Month at the sign of Leva from 22:40 GMT
14th Spring – Pleasant hour: until 14:00 GMT
14th spring - unfriendly hour: 14:00 - 22:40 GMT
Spring 15 - Month phase: Fourth quarter (changing Month), from 1:50 26 month day
Spring 15 - Month at the sign of Leo
Spring 16 - Month phase: Fourth quarter (Month changes), from 3:25 27 month day
Spring 16 - Month at the sign of Divi s 23:56 GMT
16th Spring – Pleasant Hour: 14:45 – 16:10 GMT
16th spring - unfriendly hour: 16:10 - 23:56 GMT
Spring 17 - Month phase: Fourth quarter (changing Month), from 5:00 28 month day
Spring 17 - Month at the sign of Divi
Spring 18 - the phase of the month: young man about 18:45 GMT
from 6:33 to 22:45 29th, gave 1st day of the month
Spring 18 - Month at the sign of Devi
Spring 18 - friendly hour: from 19:30 GMT until the end of the day
Spring 19 - Month phase: I quarter (young Month), from 8:05 2 month day
Spring 19 - Month at the Tereziv sign at 1:26 GMT
Spring 19 - unfriendly hour: until 1:26 GMT
Spring 20 - Month phase: I quarter (young Month), from 9:33 3 month day
20 spring - Month at the sign of Tereziv
Spring 20 - Pleasant hour: 4:00 - 18:45 GMT
Spring 20 - unfriendly hour: from 18:45 GMT until the end of the day
Spring 21 - phase of the month: I quarter (youth of the month), from 11:02 4 month day
Spring 21 Month at the sign of Scorpio at 4:52 GMT
Spring 21 - unfriendly hour: until 4:52 GMT
Spring 22 - phase of the month: I quarter (youth of the month), from 12:30 5 month day
Spring 22 - Month at the sign of Scorpio
Spring 23 - phase of the month: I quarter (youth of the month), from 13:48 6 month day
23 spring - Month at the sign Striltsa from 11:43 GMT
Spring 23 - friendly hour: 1:00 - 3:33 GMT
Spring 23 - unfriendly hour: 03:33 - 11:43 GMT
Spring 24 - phase of the month: I quarter (youth of the month), until 15:00 6, then 7 month day
Spring 24 - Month at the sign of Striltsya
Spring 25 - phase of Month: I quarter (young Month), until 15:53 7, then 8 month day
Spring 25 - Month at the sign of Capricorn from 22:20 GMT
25th spring - unfriendly hour: 14:15 - 22:20 GMT
26th of spring - phase of Month: II quarter (youth of Month), until 16:33 8, then 9 month day
Spring 26 - Month at the sign of Capricorn
27th of spring - the phase of Month: II quarter (young Month), until 17:00 9, then 10 month day
Spring 27 - Month at the sign of Capricorn
Spring 27 - Pleasant hour: from 14:30 GMT to end of the day
28 spring - the phase of Month: II quarter (young Month), until 17:20 10, then 11 month day
28 spring - Month at the sign of Aquarius from 11:07 GMT
Spring 28 - Pleasant hour: until 03:33 GMT
Spring 28 - unfriendly hour: 03:33 - 11:07 GMT
Spring 29 - Month phase: II quarter (young Month), until 17:33 11, then 12 month day
Spring 29 - Month at the sign of Aquarius
30th of spring - the phase of Month: II quarter (youth of Month), until 17:45 12, then 13 month day
30 spring - Month at the sign of Rib from 23:25 GMT
30th spring - unfriendly hour: 11:35 - 23:25 GMT
Monthly "oceans" and "seas"
Dark plots on the surface, as we can bachiti from the Earth on the surface Month, we call it "oceans" and "seas". Such names came from ancient times, since ancient astronomers thought that Month maє seas and oceans, yak and the Earth. Indeed, many dark pits on the surface of the Moon were formed as a result of eruption of volcanoes and stench filled with basalt, which is dark, of lower origin.
Mal. zliva - Month yak mi її poserіgaєmo, right-handed - so yakbi on Mіsyatsі really boules of the sea, oceanic atmosphere.
Monthly burn and plateau
On Mіsyatsі є kіlka gіrsky lanceugіv i plateau. The stench rises from the monthly "oceans" to the bright storms. Monthly burns, on the vіdmіnu vіd hіr Earth, were molded in the aftermath of giant meteorites from the surface, but not in the aftermath of tectonic processes.
Monthly craters
On the surface of the Moon, we can watch out for the bombardment of the surface by asteroids, comets and meteorites. Іsnuє close to pіvmilyon craters with a size of over 1 km. After a few days on the Moon of the atmosphere, the most important geological processes of the moon craters actually did not recognize the change and the ancient craters were saved on the surface. The largest crater on the Mіsyatsi is located on the Mіsyatsya gate, which is 2240 km wide and 13 km deep.
Monthly regolith
on top Month covered with a ball of rock, podrіbnenoї to sawtooth steel after bombardment by meteorites stretching millions of rokіv. This breed is called regolith. By tovshchina, the ball regolith varies from 3 meters in the areas of the monthly "oceans" to 20 m on the monthly plateaus.
Water on Moon
In zrazkah of the monthly breed, delivered to Earth by astronauts, as they took the fate of the mission "Apollo" and the Radianian month-walkers, the water was not revealed. Although the surface of the Moon was bombarded by comets from the moment of її molding, and as usual, the nuclei of comets are folded into ice. Obviously, as a result, part of the chain of the krieg could be left on the surface of our satellite. Under the influence of the sleepy vibrance, the atoms of the water could spread into the atoms of water and sour, and through weak gravity, simply vaporize at the outer space. As a result, the mapping of the surface of the Moon by the Clementine satellite, launched by NASA in 1994, revealed craters in the polar regions of the Moon, which were constantly resting in the silence, and in which water could be saved. Through the great importance of the presence of the lead for the future colonization Month monthly bases are planned to be located near the polar regions of our satellite.
Inner Budova
The month, like the Earth, is composed of clearly deviated versions: the crust, the mantle and the core. Such a structure, as you know, was formed immediately after the formation of the Month - 4.5 billion years ago. Tovshchina of monthly measles to become, like vvazhayut, 50 km. Near the comrade's mantles, the moonpants are trapping, but on the vіdmіna from the earthtrucks, which are called by the rush of tectonic plates, the moons are vibrated by the tidal forces of the Earth. The core of the Moon, like the earth's core, is formed from the sun, but it is significantly smaller and becomes 350 km at the radius. The middle thickness of Misyatsya is 3.3 g/cm3.
Monthly atmosphere
One of the cores of the monthly atmosphere is gases, which are seen from the monthly measles, radon gas is introduced to such gases. The smallest gas in the atmosphere Monthє gases that are seen during the bombardment of the surface of the Moon by micrometeorites and a sleepy wind. Through a weak magnetic field and a gravitational field Month Mayzhe all gases from the atmosphere vaporize in outer space.
Pokhodzhennya Mіsyatsya
Іsnuє kіlka teorіy, scho explain the molding Month. One of the first theories, as an explanation of the process of the formation of the Moon, was a theory that the Moon was formed due to the dif- ferent center forces at the stage of the formation of the Earth. As a result of these forces, part of the earth's crust was thrown out of space. Z tsієї parts and formed Mіsyats. Through those who, as they respect the sciences, for the entire history of the Earth, our planet is not at all small enough to wrap it up enough to confirm the theory, such a thought for the process of molding the Moon is now obsolete. Another theory admits that the Moon was formed around the Earth, and in the future it was simply engulfed by the Earth's gravitational field. The third theory explains that both the Earth and the Moon were formed from a single protoplanetary gloom, and the process of their molding took place overnight.
Wanting to find out three theories of molding M_syatsya and explaining її pohodzhennya, but the stench of avenging those chi іnshі rubbing. The head theory of the formation of the Moon, on this day, is the theory of the gigantic earth of the proto-Earth with the heavenly body rose from the planet Mars
System Earth - Moon
Month rob a new turnover around the Earth with a stretch of 27.3 dB. Prote through the wrapping of the Earth for the first time The Sun of the Earth can predict the cyclical change of the monthly phases of the skin only 29.5 deb. The movement of the Moon is around the Earth near the plane of the ecliptic, but not at the plane of the earth's equator (most natural satellites of other planets wrap around on the plane of the equator of their planets).
Surges, as if we were afraid of on Earth, are waking up to the big one under the swell of the Moon, The sun is only a small swell on the process. The tidal processes are the cause of the step-by-step movement of the Moon from the Earth, as it was caused by the second apex moment in the Earth-Moon system. Stand between the Earth and the Moon increase by 3.8 meters of the skin of the century. Also, these processes are performed for the step by step, the wrapping of the Earth is on its own axis, as it increases the trivality of the earth's doby by 0.002 seconds in a row.
Earth system - Month It is not like the Planet-Sputnik system that is considered by deakim vcheni, but like a planet below, the shards of the world and the mass of the month are great. The diameter of the Moon is 3/4 of the diameter of the Earth, and the mass of the Moon becomes 1/81 of the mass of the Earth. As a result, the wrapping of the Earth - Moon system does not appear near the center of the Earth, but near the center of the mass system Earth - Moon, which is located at a distance of 1700 km below the surface of the Earth.
Care for the Moon
At the period of the New Month, the stock of the warehouse is -12.6. For porіvnyannya yaskravіst Sontsya -26.8. The disk of the month, if the wine is closer to the horizon, is given for posterigach larger beyond the world, if in fact the wine is smaller by about 1.5% equal to it, if Month know at the zenith. An explanation of this phenomenon can be found in the article monthly illusion.
The least important optical effect is those that Month it seems to us that it may be absolutely white, although in reality it looks like only 7% of the sony light that falls on its surface (approximately, like a vugillya). For the reason that Month as a single object in the sky of such a wide range, illuminated by a sleepy light, and an optical illusion of dawn Month give us white.
Takozh Month can be the cause of various atmospheric effects, like the Sun. For example, if there is an hour of warning for the Month, if a thin ball of halo is rebuked between the guardian and the Month, we can detect the effect of a halo.
Monthly illusion
Monthly illusion is an optical illusion, if the Moon, which is guarded by the horizon, is bigger, lower is the Moon, which is high in the sky. The same optical illusion is seen even if you are careful for the Sun.
p align="justify"> Typical pardon explanations of this effect, that the Earth's atmosphere plays the role of a kind of lens, thus increasing the apparent diameter of the Moon.
The proof that the effect, that it is possible, that it is only an optical illusion, can serve as photographs broken down with the same camera settings, in such photographs the difference between the Moon will be the same independently, depending on the fact that it can be found Month: high in the sky or near the horizon.
Establish a few different theories that explain the effect.
For one of such theories, as if the truth is at once vvazhaetsya old-fashioned. zorovy vіddіl mozku people saturate the sky nі yak napіvsfera, chim it is true, but like a flat. If we are afraid of gloom, birds or flies in the sky, the stinks are smaller, if the stinks are near the horizon, if the stench is over our heads, the shards of the visible expansion of the objects change to larger ones in the distance. Month, on the vіdminu vіd terrestrial ob'єkіv, if you are near the obrіu may approximately the most visible apex diameter, like if you are in the zenith, but the human brain is able to compensate for the prospective creation of the disk Such an effect is called the Emmert effect: if two objects can have the same visible difference, but one object, which is far away from the posterigach, is given a larger one.
Behind the theory of “perceptible expansion”, as for the time being, more scientists have accepted, the visual expansion of the object should be guarded against us in front of the expansion of other objects, which we can predict at once. In this manner, if we can make the Moon close to the horizon, near our field, the dawn will be consumed by other objects, on the aphids of the Moon and more will be given, lower wines are true.
History
Last day Month for the help of space vehicles, on 14 spring 1959, the fate of the closing of the automatic station Month 2 from the surface of our companion was born. Until that moment, the only way to follow the Month was to watch out for the Month. Vinahid Galilei of the telescope in 1609 was a great stage in astronomy, keeping watch over the Moon. Galileo himself used his telescope to study the mountains and craters on the moon's surface.
Month With an ear of space flights between the SRSR and the USA during the cold winter Month will be at the center of space programs, like the SRSR, and the USA. From the looks of the United States, the landing of a person on the Month in 1969 was the culmination of the monthly ferry. From the other side, a lot of significant scientific milestones were passed by the Radiansky Union before the USA. For example, the first photographs of the return side of Mіsyats were taken by the Radyansk companion in 1959.
The first man-made object that the Moon reached was the Bula Radianskaya station Mіsyats 2. The reverse side of the Mіsyats was photographed by the station Mіsyats 3 on July 7, 1959. Following these other achievements of the SRSR in space exploration, US President John F. Kennedy formulated the main US mission in space as a landing on the Moon.
Regardless of all the usilla of the USA, Radian Union more long hour having lost the leader of the previous Mіsyatsya. Station Mіsyats 9 persha made a soft landing on the surface of our natural satellite. After landing, the month of 9 handed over the first photographs of the surface of the month. On the occasion of the landing of Month 9, the possibility of a safe landing on Month was brought. It was especially important, the shards until that moment it was important that the surface of the Moon is folded into a saw ball, which can become a splinter of meters and whether it’s just an object simply “drowning” at that ball saw. The first piece satellite of Mіsyatsya is also the bula Radyanska station Mіsyats 10, launched on 31 February 1966.
Apollo 11 The American program was called Apollo during the last month. The first practical result of the won was brought on 24 December 1968 space ship Apollo 8 Month. Humanity first stepped on the surface of the month of March 20, 1969. The first person who lost her trail on the Moon was Neil Armstrong, the commander of the Apollo 11 spacecraft. The rest of the people visited the Month of 1972.
Monthly breeds were delivered to the Earth within the framework of the Radian program Month by automatic stations Mіsyats 16, 20 and 24. Also, monthly breeds were delivered to Earth by the astronauts of the Apollo mission.
From the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s, 65 man-made objects reached the surface of the Moon. Ale after the station M_syats 26 the last month actually stuck. The Radian Union switched its mission to Venus, and the USA - to Mars.
New events of the month
Japan launched its last probe before the month. The Khiten probe went into a new orbit, thus Japan became the third country, as a result of a successful launch before the month. True, due to technical problems, this mission was not fully understood.
The American space agency NASA conceived the launch of the Clementine mission in 1994 as the Lunar Prospector in 1998.
In 2003, the European Space Agency launched the SMART 1 space probe before the month, which was supposed to have been similar to the surface of the moon in the X-ray and infrared ranges.
Future plans for the development of the month
On September 14, 2004, US President George W. Bush publicly new program United States of space exploration. One of the stages of this program will be the turn of people for a month at the lines until 2020. The first result of this program may be the launch of the satellite Lunar Reconnaissance
(itself so - in multiple) occupied them with a stretch of a hundred years. Astronomers of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century tried to find companions of the Moon. Prote times at times їх admission and navіt reconciliation the proofs were pardoned. Today, all the world's lava is to know that the only natural satellite of the Earth is the cosmic body of the Moon. A lot of other candidates also become of interest to astronomers, the shards are not foreshadowed, but really important objects, which have been given the status of a permanent companion of our planet.
Bolid
Wealthy people, like hoarding celestial bodies, kindly see the French astronomer Frederik Petit. Vin was the director of the Tuluz observatory in the middle of the 19th century. Today, Ptіdomy, we are forwarded as a lover of the theory about those that the Moon is not the only natural satellite of the Earth, but one of the kіlkoh. On the astronomer's thought, on the role of її companions, fireballs came up (they are great to catch the yaskra meteorite). Candidates for companions were zipped around the planet in an elliptical orbit. The most famous is the car, which was the Ptі posterіgav in 1846 roci. The astronomer has gathered data on his own and other opinions about the object, which shove around a period of 2 years 45 hvilin, with a perigee on an average of 11.4 km and apogee - 3570 km.
Irrespective of those who died that rozrahunka Frederik Ptі was confirmed by the deacons of astronomy, it was not a problem to let go. In 1851 roci Urbain Lever'є navіv proved the hypocrisy of the theory of the Toulouse scientist.
New allowance
Bird is not the only astronomer, who pretended to stumble upon the thought about those few natural satellites near the Earth. Yogo colleague with this right letter from Hamburg, Dr. Georg Waltemat. In 1898, the fate of the wines announced about the introduction of a system of small satellites. One of them, behind the rozrahunka of the most important, roztashovuvavsya on a distance of more than a million kilometers from the Earth and robbing one turn in 119 days. The diameter of the hypothetical satellite is 700 km.
Valtemat ochіkuvav, scho other Mіsyats passed by a sleepy disk at the fierce fate of 1898, and I became a proof of the correctness of the doslidnik. Companion to the truth buv remarks by astronomers-amators at Nіmechchinі. Protejoden from professionals, as if they had watched that day for the Sun, without mentioning anything similar.
Chergova sample
Waltemat without leaving his jokes. At the same fate, I wrote an article about just one candidate for the role of a monthly friend. with a diameter of 746 km, an elk roared, staring at the rozrahunki of the author of the theory, on the vіdstanі, trochs cross 400,000 km from our planet. However, these data also did not take away confirmation. Hypothetical natural satellites of the Earth of Valtemat could not gain the status of really important objects.
Mysticism
The peculiarity of the companion, "revealed" by Valtemat, was the impossibility of postering yogo at any other time, at the same time, the passage of the Sun's disk. The object did not reflect the light a little, so it was of little memory. In 1918, the astrologer Walter Gornold, an astrologer, voiced about the re-appointment of his companion Valtemat. Vin confirmed his “dark” nature and named Lilith (thus, according to Kabbalah, the first team of Adam was called). The astrologer has come across that the other Moon can be matched for the mass with the first.
In the scientific world, the statements shouted out only a smile. Such a massive body would not be left unmarked, the shards of its presence would be small, it would be a small influx on the Moon, which would be signified in yogo Russia.
Politics
The natural satellite of the Earth (Moon) or Mars and Venus, the closest її sudіd, zavzhd in the minds of people appeared with some kind of secrets. In the past century, often space objects were thought of by the inhabitants of alien civilizations as the foundations of hostile lands. On the basis of such allowances, hypotheses were made about piece satellites launched into orbit in an atmosphere of total secrecy.
In the middle of the last century, there were a few rumors about two similar objects. After a deaky hour, ZMI began to receive information about their natural adventures. The hype for many new satellites subsided in 1959, when astronomer Clyde Tombaugh (revealing, what a twisted Pluto) after a trivial march around the Earth, voicing about the presence of any objects of magnitude 12-14.
Monitoring of the deep earth expanse
In our days, few people do not know what the natural Earth is called. The month of this year's confessions is one and unique. However, astronomers are constantly guarding the space around our planet. The meta of such a follow-up is not a search for new companions, but a search for possible shutdowns, transmission, security of robotic stations. Clyde Tombaugh was himself one of the first to engage in such events.
Today, the search for cosmic bodies near the earth's expanse is a meta once a lot of great projects. So far, new natural satellites of the Earth have not been identified in the process of investigation.
Quasi-satellites
Obviously, Moon is not a single object near our planet. Last day the rest of the years put a lot of information of this kind. Establish asteroids that have orbital resonance from the Earth 1:1. In ZMI, that popular science literature often means “another month”. The main feature of such objects is the fact that the stench turns not around the Earth, but around the Sun.
A good example of a similar cosmic body is an asteroid (3753) Cool. Vіn pіd hour ruhu peretinaє Venus and Mars. The asteroid's orbit is strongly twisted, but, unfortunately, you can't go close to our planet, so that it can be accessible for guarding through weak equipment. For help, Kruitny can only do it for help with a straining telescope.
Trojans
There is another group of objects, which are sometimes designated as natural satellites of the Earth, but not so. This is the name of the Trojans - asteroids, as if they are collapsing in the very orbit that is our planet, but they are viperating or nazdoganyayut її. As of today, only one such body has been confirmed. Ce asteroid 2010 TK7. Vіn viperedzhaє Earth by 60 º. 2010 TK7 - not large (300 m in diameter) and to finish the darkness of the object. This manifestation increased the interest of scientists to search for Trojans on the outskirts of the Earth.
optical effect
Nourishment "Skіlki natural satellites near the Earth" іnоdі, whісh аrе rіdko, vinikaє just by looking at the night sky. With a singing zbіgu obstavin, one-hour presence of a few officials over your head, you can watch a sight, the name of a deadly month. For whom outside (or maybe outside) it was not possible to light up the night. About the new halo appears. Monthly shifts break in the crystals to the ice of cirro-spherical haze, and from two sides of the satellite, bright specks are established, which shine. Lack of information on the future, you can believe that there, de natural satellite of the Earth (Moon) or Mars and other planets to surf the expanse, new really important cosmic objects appeared. However, dosit shvidko іlyuzіya rozveєtsya. Hibny moon, or parselena, is more like a group of light, lower and true.
Underground system
The month, as the closest space object to the Earth, is always known to be in the center of many future projects. Of course, far from everything is known about her. Bagato superechok, like before, for example, calls out the theory of travel. However, її can be boldly called one of the largest objects in space, as well as a marker, the symbol of our booth near the All-World. The remaining fact is well illustrated by one of the variants of the ensign of our planet, depicting the natural satellite of the Earth.
Naytsіkavіshe, that in the light of recent successes, the status of the month is not so unambiguous. In the opinion of astronomers, the two largest events of the object are the entire planet. The natural satellite of the Earth and our space houses are wrapped around one center of the mass. Vіn distribution is not in the center of the Earth, but on the vіdstanі mayzha 5 thousand kilometers from the city. On the melancholy of such a hypothesis, to speak and bring to light (that їhnє spіvіdnoshennia z rozmіrom zemlі) in tandem with other companions. The butt of a similar system is Pluto and Charon, which wrap around one center of the mass and always turn one side one to one.
Henceforth, today it dawned on everyone, how the natural satellite of the Earth is called, and only one wine. The jokes of his companions have blotted out a memorable trace in the history of astronomy, and they have confirmed an important fact: people live not only that, but they can. In the meantime, the very beginnings of this particularity were richly pronounced in the past century.
Brief introductions:
Radius: 1,738 km
Large pіvvіs orbits: 384,400 km
Orbital period: 27.321661 deb
Orbital eccentricity: 0,0549
Nahil orbit to the equator: 5,16
Surface temperature: vіd - 160 ° to +120 ° С
Doba: 708 year
Average distance to Earth: 384400 km
Month- tse, maybe, the only heavenly body, since there was no doubt in any of the most recent hours, that it was collapsing for a long time. Navit with an unobstructed eye on the disk different forms, scho guess who is disguised, who is two people, and who is a hare. Tsі plyami shche XVII century began to be called. At that hour they knew that there was water on the Moon, and then, the seas and oceans could be like on Earth. The Italian astronomer Giovanni Riccioli invited him to name what the Donins live in: , , , , , , , , and in. Most of the bright areas on the moon's surface were taken in by the dry land.
Already 1753 p. Croatian astronomer Rudzher Boskovic said that there is no moon. When she covers the stars with her, she knows mittevo, and the yakbi Mіsyats maw the atmosphere, the stars darkened step by step. There was a whimper that on the surface of the Moon there could not be any light water, the shards, due to the presence of the atmospheric pressure, were negligently boiled away.
Shche Galileo is on fire on the moon. In the middle of them were the right mountain ranges, which they began to give the names of the earth's mountains: the Alps, the Apennines, the Pyrenees, the Carpathians, the Caucasus. Ale zustrіchalis on Mіsyatsі and especially mountains - Kіltsev, they were called or circuses. Gretsk, the word "crater" means "bowl". Step by step, the name "circus" was zіyshla zі scenes, and the term "crater" was abandoned.
Riccioli urged to give the craters the names of the great ancient times of the New Hour. This is how Plato, Aristotle, Archimedes, Aristarchus, Eratosthenes, Hipparchus, Ptolemy, as well as Copernicus, Kepler, Tycho (Brage), Galileo appeared on the Moon. Do not forget Riccioli and yourself. A number of the most popular names are those that are not known today in the same book of astronomy, for example, Autolycus, Langren, Theophilus. Aletodi, 17th century, these scientists were remembered.
Maps of the month (burn to the bottom): visible pіvkulya, shidn pіvkulya after the longitude of 120 °, zahidny pіvkulya after the longitude of 120 °
With a distant vivchenni Mіsyatsa to the names, danich Rіccoli, new ones came. On the last maps of the visible side of the month, such names are added, such as Flamsteed, Delandre, Piazzi, Lagrange, Darwin (George Darwin, who created the first theory of the journey of the month), Struve, Delil.
Pіslya of yak radyanskі avtomatichnі mіzhplanetnі stantsії serії sfotografuvali zvorotny bіk Mіsyatsya on її Carty boule nanesenі crater of іmenami rosіyskih vchenih that pіdkoryuvachіv space: Lomonosov Tsіolkovsky, Gagarіn, King, Mendelєєv, Kurchatov, Vernadsky, Kovalevska, Lebedєv, of astronomіv - Blazhko, Bredikhin, Bilopilsky, Glazenap, Numerov, Parenago, Fesenkov, Tserassky, Sternberg.
Wrapper Mіsyatsya. The hour of the turn of the Moon on its own axis exactly corresponds to the sidereal month, to which the Moon is always turned by one and the other side to the surface of the Earth. Such a camp was established behind the billions of fates of the evolution of the system Earth - Moon under the influx of tides at the moon's crust, called by the Earth. Oskilki the Earth is 81 times as massive for a month, and tide is about 20 times as strong for a month, like the month is calling on our planet. True, there are no oceans on the Moon, but the crust is soft to the tidal tide from the side of the Earth, just like the earth's crust is watching the tide from the Moon and the Sun. To that, as in the distant past, the month turned into a shvidshe, then for the billions of rokіv yogo, the wrapper tumbled.
Scheme of wrapping Mіsyatsya
Mіzh wrappers Mіsyatsa navko osі and її zvėrnennâm navkoro zemle є suttєva vіdminnіst. Around the Earth, the moon follows Kepler's laws, so it's uneven: closer to the perigee, closer, closer to the apogee. About the axis it turns around evenly. Zavdyaki tsomu іnodi can be trohi "zazirnuti" on the zvorotniy bіk Month at once, and іnodi - from sunset. Such a phenomenon is called optical libration (Lat. libratio - "hit", "wagon") for a long time. And the small sickness of the month's orbit to the ecliptic gives the opportunity to "look" at the turning point of the month for an hour, either from the beer night, or from the pivdnya. Tse optical libration for latitude. Offences, librations, at once narrow, allow posterity from the Earth 59% of the monthly surface. Optical libration of the month was made by Galileo Galilei in 1635, even after the judgment of the Catholic Inquisition.
Monthly blackout. Month at the period of complete monthly blackout may have a red color. Longtime residents Pivdenny America The Inks thought that Moon was blackened in the face of ailments, and as soon as the wine died, then, perhaps, it would stare out of the sky and fall.
The Normans were told that the red wolf Mangarm had re-attacked and attacked the Month. Vіdvazhnі voїni, zvіsno, realized that they could not lead the heavenly hutch, but knowing that the wolves were not to blame for the noise, they shouted, whistled, beat the drums. Noise attack thrived every two, and then three years without interruption.
Month with total monthly darkness
And in Central Asia, the blackout took place in total silence. Baiduzhe people wondered how the evil spirit Rahu forged the Moon. Nobody makes noise and does not wave his hands. Adzhe skin vіdomo, scho good spirit Ochіrvani when you see the demon pіvtuluba and M_syats, passing through Rahu, like through a sleeve, shine anew. In Russia, it was always respected that the blackout was going on.
The darkening of the Moon will always start on the last month, if the Earth is between the Moon and the Sun, and all the stench of the vishikovyvayutsya in one row. Visvitlena by the Sun, the Earth is seen in the expanse of shadows. At the dovzhinu, the shade may look like a cone, a million kilometer wrought; across it is round, and on the vіdstanі 360 yew. kilometers in the direction of the Earth її diameter is 2.5 times greater for a month. Zavdyaki tsomu trivality phase again sometimes reach the second year. Ale at the time of the monthly blackout The month is not black, but red. Chervoninnya Mіsyatsya vіdbuvaєtsya through rosіyannya dormouse light near the earth's atmosphere.
Geometry of monthly shading
If the area of the Moon’s orbit zbіgalas with the area of the earth’s orbit (area), then the obscurations of the Moon were repeated every other month, then regularly after 29.5 decibels. Ale month's way The month of sickening up to the plane of the ecliptic by 5 °, and the months of the maiden for a month are more than overshadowed by "clouding" at two "rising" points. Qi points are called the nodes of the monthly orbit. Later, in order for the month to darken, a necessary combination of two independent minds: may be a new month and the moon at this hour is guilty of resting at the node of its orbit, or else it is instructed.
In addition, it’s close to the moon to lean to the node of the orbit in the year of darkness, you can pass through the middle of the cone of darkness, and the darkness will be as trivial as possible, or you can go through the edge of the darkness, and even more privately the darkness of the month. Cone of the earth's silence Wu qiu region spends only a part of the sleepy spaces, not obscured by the Earth. That is why it is filled with darkening. They are also mentioned in astronomical calendars, although the dimming is not visible to the eye, only the camera and the photometer of the building indicate the obscuration of the Month at the hour of the first phase or the second half of the blackout.
View of monthly blackout for a month
Skhіdnі zhertsі, still not clearly all rozumіyuchi, for centuries led an implacable rahunok to the open and private blackouts. At a glance at the layout, the blackout does not seem to be in any order. There are rocks, if there are three months of blackout, but it’s good. Until that month, a blackout can only be seen from the tієї half of the earth's kuli, de Mіsyats at this hour is above the horizon, so from any place on the Earth, for example from Egypt, you can watch only three more than half of all the monthly blackouts.
Ale, let's take care of the guards, the sky blew up great mystery: for 6585.3 decibels all over the Earth, 28 monthly blackouts will be observed. It lasts less until the day of skin darkening, add 6585.3 deb. So the Babylonian and Egyptian astronomers learned how to change the dimming through "repetition". Walnut tse saros. Saros permits the resurrection of obscuration 300 years in advance. If the moon was well orbited, astronomers learned how to calculate how the day of obscuration, how the saros roared, and the exact hour on the cob.
The last phases of the monthly blackout
Christopher Columbus was the first navigator, who, while sailing, took from him an astronomical calendar to mark the duration of the open lands after the hour of the monthly blackout. Near the hour of the fourth voyage across the Atlantic, in 1504, a monthly blackout found Columbus on the island of Jamaica. The tables showed the cob of darkening on the 29th of February about 1 year 36 hv after the Nuremberg hour. Monthly obscuration everywhere on Earth begins at once. Prote Mistseve hour in Jamaican at a rich time at the hour of the German city, shards of the Sun here descend richly, lower at Europe. Retail at the showings of the year in Jamaica and in Nuremberg is a time and costly trade for two months, reflected in the clock world. There was no other way to accurately determine the age of the West Indian places.
Columbus, having become ready for astronomical guards on birch trees, ale tubers, who shot sailors with battles, respected the front guards of the Son and moved to provide foreigners with natural supplies. That same Columbus budding a few days, voicing, what evening to let the island of the month's light, like a stink ... Obviously, if the darkening began, the caravans were ready to greet the white people all, having depleted the Moon.
The theory of the establishment of monthly craters. How did the moon craters settle down? Tse pitanya caused Trivala discussion. Let's talk about the struggle between the enemies of two hypotheses of the movement of monthly craters: volcanic and meteorite.
Zgіdno with the volcanic hypothesis, as if hanging from the 80s. XVIII Art. German astronomer Johann Schroeter, the craters winickle after grandiose eruptions on the surface of the Moon. In 1824 p. yogo spіvvіtchiznik Franz von Gruytuizen, propagating the meteorite theory, as explained by the creation of craters in the fall of meteorites. On the other hand, for such blows, the monthly surface is squeezed.
Only after 113 years, 1937, Russian student Kirilo Petrovich Stanyukovich (probable doctor of science and professor) did, that when meteorites hit, cosmic rocks vibrated, and the result of this vaporization was not only a meteorite, but part of the impact on the planet.
Diagram of the impact crater
Have 1959 r. Russian researcher Nadiya Mykolaivna Sitinska propagated the meteor-slag theory of molding the monthly soil. According to the theory, the heat that is transferred when a meteorite hits the outer curve (regolith) of the Moon, is stained not only for melting and vaporization, but for the slag, as it shows itself in the colorful features of the surface of the Moon. American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin could change the validity of the meteor-slag theory, as they first set foot on the moon's surface on the 21st lime, 1969. Now the meteor-slag theory is now widely accepted.
Phases of the month. It seems that the moon is changing its look. She herself does not see the light, that in the sky one can see less brightened by the Sun on its surface - the day side, which is 0.073, so it looks like 7.3% of the light changes of the Sun in the average. Month sends to the Earth 465,000 times less light than the Sun. Її zoryan the value of the povni is -12.5. Moving through the sky from the sunset of Skhid, Moon changes its sight - phase, with the help of changing the camps of the Sun and the Earth. You can see chotiri phases of the month: young, first quarter, last month and last quarter. Fallow in the phases, a lot of light, which looks like the Moon, changes to richly brighter, lower the area of the illuminated part of the Moon, so if the Moon is in the fourth, and we bachimo half of the її of the disk of light, it sent us no more than 50% full month.
At the young Mіsyats you can't look at the telescope. Vaughn roztashovuєtsya in the same way that the Sun (only higher or lower for the new one), and turned to the Earth with an unilluminated pivkulei. In one or two days, if the Moon is out of the sun, a narrow sickle can be watched for a sprat of quills before sunset in the western side of the sky on the midst of the evening dawn. The Greeks called the first appearance of the crescent sickle after the young man “neomenia” (“new moon”). This moment among the ancient peoples vvazhavsya on the cob of the month of the month.
Phase diagram
Sometimes, for a few days, until the day after, the young man goes to commemorate the early light of the month. For the faint glow of the night part of the moon disc is nothing else, like a sleepy light, see the Earth for the Moon. If the moon sickle grows brighter, the lighter becomes brighter and becomes unremembered.
Everything was far and far away to the left in the direction of the Sun and the moon. A sickle with a skin day of growth, with a swollen swollen right hand, up to Sontsya. After 7 days and 10 years after the young, the phase begins, which is called the first quarter. For the whole hour Mіsyats vіdіyshov vіd Sontsya by 90 °. Now sleepy prominnya visvitljue less than the right half of the monthly disc. After the sunset of the Sun, the Moon is located at the pivdenniy side of the sky and comes close to the night. Keeping moving in the sun, everything is far away on the slope, Moon in the evening appears on the opposite side of the sky. Come out already after the first night, moreover, the skin care is all better and worse.
If our companion appears to the side, the proliferating Sun (at the apex of the station 180 ° from the outside), the next month is here. Povniy Mіsyats to shine all night. Won to go out of the evening and come in early. After 14 days and 18 years, from the moment the young Mіsyats begin to approach the Sun right-handed. The illuminated part of the monthly disk changes. Everything rises above the horizon and does not go to the wound. Between the Moon and the Sun change from 180° to 90°. Only half of the monthly disk can be seen again, but only the left part of it. Here comes the last quarter. And after 22 days and 3 years after the young Mіsyats in the rest of the quarter, go close at night and shine for the rest of the other half of the night. On the downfall, the Sun is leaning against the pivdenniy side of the sky.
The width of the crescent moon continues to change, and the Moon itself gradually approaches the Sun from the right (front) side. The next sickle appears on a similar sky with wounds, with skin damage everything is worse. You can see again the light of the night moon. Kutova between Month and Sun changes from 90 ° to 0 °. Nareshti Mіsyats nazdoganya the Sun and again becomes invisible. The offensive youngster is starting. Monthly month is over. 29 days have passed 12 years 44 hvilin 2.8 seconds, or may be 29.6 deb.
Last phases of the month
The interval between the last one-day phases of the month is called the synodic month (from the Greek "Synados" - "day"). Later, the synodic period was associated with the visible in the sky roztashuvannyam of the celestial body (at the time of the Moon) around the Sun. Svіy slyakh navkolі zemlі schodo zіrok Mіsyats zdіysnyuє for 27 deb 7 year 43 hv 11.5 s. This period is called sidereal (Lat. sideris - “star”), or the dawning month. In this order, the sidereal month of the troch is short for the synodic month. Why? Let's look at the roll of the moon from young to young. The moon, having made a wrap around the Earth for 27.3 decibels, turns in its place midwinter. Ale Sun for this hour has already moved the ecliptic to the skhid, and only if the month is over, the coming month will come. And for this one, you will need approximately 2.2 dobi.
The Way of the Moon through the sky passes not far from the ecliptic, to which the new Moon rises through the obrіy at the sunset of the Sun and approximately repeats the route, passing it for a pіvroku to the next. The Sun rises high in the sky, the last Moon does not go far to the horizon. The sun is low in the winter, and the moon, on the other hand, rises high and brightens the winter landscapes for a long time, giving the snow a blue light.
Inside the Buddha Mіsyatsya. The density of the moon is 3340 kg / m3 - like that of the earth's mantle. Tse means that our companion either does not have a large nasal core, or even a small one.
More detailed information about internal building Months are canceled after seismic experiments. The stench began to be held in 1969, after the landing on the Moon of an American spacecraft. Attach some upcoming expeditions « , і » made a seismic barrier with several stations, which worked until July 1, 1977. She had registered seismic shipments of three types: thermal (stripping the outer edge of the month through sharp temperature drops during the change of day and night); months in the lithosphere with an average depth of no more than 100 km; deep-focused moons, the middle ones of some kind of rotting on the depths of 700 to 1100 km (the monthly tides serve as a source of energy for them).
More sightings of seismic energy during the month are about a billion times less, below the Earth. It's not surprising, the shards of tectonic activity on the Moon ended in a million years, and on our planet there are three dos.
Inner Budov Mіsyatsya
Active seismic experiments were carried out to reveal the structure of the subsurface layers of the Moon: seismic fluctuations were destroyed by the falling parts of the Apollo space vehicles and lie on the surface of the Moon with piece vibes. How z'yasuvalosya, the tovshchina of the regolithic curve is no more than 9 - 12 m. Under it, the ball of a zavtovshka is roared from a few dozen to hundreds of meters, the speech of which is composed of wikidivs, which are called when the great craters were made. Dalі to glibini 1 km to go balls from basalt material.
For seismic data, the mantle of the month can be divided into three warehouses: upper, middle and lower. The tovshchina of the upper mantle is about 400 km. In it, the seismic roughness slightly changes with the depth. About 500-1000 km of seismic deposits are more importantly littered with the old ones on the ploughs. The lower mantle has been ripped more than 1100 km away, deficient seismic winds grow.
One of the sensational month-long runs was the outbreak of the strain of measles 60-100 km. Tse vkazuє on the basis of the past on the Moon of the so-called ocean of magma, in the depths of which the melting of measles was melted for the first 100 million years of the її evolution. You can make a new visnovka, that the Moon and the Earth are a little like a similar thing. However, the tectonic regime of the month is similar to the regime of plate tectonics, characteristic of the Earth. Basalt magma, which melts, goes to build up monthly measles. That's why it's so bad.
Hypotheses of the march of the month. The first hypothesis about the journey of our companion was proponed in 1879. English astronomer and mathematician George Darwin, son of Charles Darwin, famous historian of nature. Zgіdno zієyu hypothesis, Mіsyat's vіdokremivsya if in the Earth, yak at that hour perebuval in a rare camp. The evolution of the evolution of the month's orbit was rightly pointed out by those who, if the Moon was closer to the Earth, lower now.
Changes in looking at the past of the Earth and criticism of Darwin's hypothesis by the Russian geophysicist Volodymyr Mikolayovich Lodochnikov stumbled upon them beginning in 1939. shukati other ways to sanctify the month. In 1962 the American geophysicist Harold Uri admitted that the Earth began to churn already ready for the Moon, which was formed. However, even the smallness of such a hypotheses against Yury's hypothesis was said to be similar to the warehouse of the Moon and the earthly mantle.
Have 60 rocky. Russian philanthropist Yevgeniya Leonidivna Ruskol, developing the ideas of her teacher, academician Otto Yuliyovich Schmidt, inspired the theory of the conscientious illumination of the Earth and the Moon as a sub-planet from the gloom of pre-planetary bodies, as if the Sun was shining. This theory was supported by a lot of zahidnyh vchenih.
Isnuye is also a "shock" theory of enlightenment of the Moon. Zgіdno z tsієyu theory Mіsyats hid in the aftermath of the catastrophic closing of the Earth in the distant past with a planet sized like Mars.
Scheme of that artistic presentation of the shock theory of enlightenment of the month
Promenev structure of monthly craters. From the hour of the first telescopic guards of the month of the month, astronomers raised their respect that in some moon craters, the light of the smog diverges according to the radius, so change. The centers of light exchanges are the craters Copernicus, Kepler, Aristarchus. And yet, I’ll try to improve the system of changes in the Tycho crater: the deacons of this change have stretched for 2000 km.
What kind of light speech makes the change of monthly craters? Did you get a star? In the 1960s, if the super-course about the disappearance of the monthly craters themselves had not been completed, the Russian centuries Kirilo Petrovich Stanyukovich and Vitaliy Oleksandrovich Bronshten, having insulted the hot inhalers of the meteorite hypothesis of their adoption, propagated such an explanation of the nature of promenev systems.
Tycho Crater
The impact of a great meteorite of a small asteroid on the surface of the Moon is accompanied by a vibe: the kinetic energy of the striking body is transformed into heat. Part of the energy is spent on the wiki of the month's speech under different cuts. Significant part of the forgotten speech is to fly near space, adding to the force of gravity of the Moon. Ale, the mouth, twisted under small tufts to the surface, and with small swirls, falls on the moon. Experiments with earthly vibes show that the speeches are vibrated by jets. And the shards of such streamers can be a sprig, a system of exchanges will come out.
But why are the stinks light? On the right, in the fact that the exchanges are made up of finely fragmented speech, like a light, lower speech of the same warehouse. This was installed by Professor Vsevolod Vasilovich Sharonov and Yogo spіvrobіtnikіv. If the first astronauts set foot on the surface of the Moon and took the speech of the monthly exchanges for follow-up, the hypothesis was confirmed.
Last month by space vehicles. Before the use of space vehicles about the return of the month of the month and the warehouse of її overhead, nothing was known, it is not surprising that the first flight of the space vehicle is higher than the Earth orbit in directions to the month. It is an honor to lie with the Radiansk spacecraft, the launch of which was designed on September 2, 1958. Vіdpovіdno until the program is paid for a few days in transit on the road 6000 km from the surface of the month. Later that fate, in the middle of spring, a similar apparatus of the "Moon" series reached the surface of the Earth's natural satellite.
Apparatus "Luna-1"
Even through the river, at the same time in 1959, an automatic device, equipped with photographic equipment, having captured the moon’s turning side (about 70% of the surface) and transmitting її images to Earth. The device has an orientation system with Sontsya and Monthly sensors and jet engines, which worked on compressed gas, a control system and thermoregulation. Yoga mass 280 kg. The creation of "M_syatsya-3" was a technical achievement for that hour, brought information about the turning point of M_syatsya: the memory of the victories was revealed from the visible side, we were ahead of the protracted monthly seas.
In the fierce fate of 1966, the device delivered an automatic moon station to the Moon, as it made the landing and transmitted to the Earth a sprinkling of panoramas of the adjacent surface - a gloomy stone desert. The control system ensured the orientation of the apparatus, turning on the galmium stage on command from the radar at an altitude of 75 kilometers above the surface Depreciation was provided by an inflatable gum balloon. Weight "M_syatsya-9" is close to 1800 kg, weight of the station is close to 100 kg.
Coming soon, the Radian monthly program will have automatic stations , , designated for the collection of soil from the surface of the Moon and the delivery of yoga sprouts to Earth. My weight was close to 1900 kg. Krim galmivnoi rukhovoї installation and chotirilap landing attachment, to the warehouse of the stations included a grunt pick-up attachment, an golden rocket stage with a turnable apparatus for delivering the soil. Goods were delivered in 1970, 1972 and 1976, small quantities of soil were delivered to Earth.
One more day they sang , (1970, 1973). The stench was delivered to the Moon by self-propelled aparati - moonwalkers, kerovans from the Earth for stereoscopic television images on the surface. the route is about 10 kilometers in 10 months - about 37 kilometers in 5 months. Crimean panoramic cameras on moon rovers were installed: ground pickup attachment, spectrometer for analysis chemical warehouseґruntu, vimiryuvach way. Masses of monthly walkers 756 and 840 kg.
Model of apparatus "Misyatsekhid-2"
The space apparatuses were disassembled for the purpose of recognizing the day of the fall, starting from an altitude of about 1600 kilometers to hundreds of meters above the surface of the Moon. The stench was possessed by six television cameras. The aparati were smashed during the landing, to the one who was possessed, they were handed over immediately, without a record. Under an hour of three years in the distance, great materials were taken from the morphology of the monthly surface. Zyomki "Ranger" started the American program of photographing the planets.
The design of the Ranger vehicles is similar to the design of the first Mariner vehicles, which were launched to Venus in 1962. However, the construction of monthly spacecraft did not go farther away. To obtain detailed information about the moon's surface, other space vehicles were collected. The number of devices from the orbits of piece satellites was photographed on the surface of a high-rise building.
"Lunar Orbiter-1"
One of the purposes of the use was in the high-level signs with two permissions, high and low, with the method of choosing the possible landing sites for the Apollo vehicles, for the help of a special camera system. Znіmki viyavlyalis on board, scanned by photoelectric method and transmitted to Earth. The number of shots was limited by the supply of smelting (for 210 shots). In 1966-1967, five launches of the Lunar Orbiter were launched (they were successful). The first three "Orbiters" were sighted in a circular orbit with a small arrogance and a low height; on the skin of them, a stereo survey was carried out of the front plots on the visible side of the Moon with an even high building and a survey of the great plots of the turning side with a low spread building. The fourth satellite was sent to the richly higher polar orbit, vin vymku all the visible surfaces, fifth, the remaining "Orbiter" ve guarded tezh іz polar ї orbіti, but from lower heights. "Lunar Orbiter-5" having secured the acquisition of a large variety of buildings rich in special purposes on the visible side, located in the middle latitudes, and the capture of a significant part of the capital with a small distribution of buildings. With a serious zyomkoy іz the average permission, the whole surface of the Mіsyatsya was covered, and the zyomka was immediately cleared, which is of little unestimated significance for the planning of landings on the Mіsyatsya and yogo photogeological studies.
Dodatkovo was carried out more accurately mapping the gravitational field, with the regional concentration of masses (which is important from the scientific point of view, and for planning plantings) and a significant shift to the center of the mass of the Moon in the center of the figure. The streams of radiation and micrometeorites were also vimiruvalis.
Aparati "Lunar Orbiter" had a three-dimensional orientation system, and now the weight was about 390 kilograms. After the completion of the cartography, the number of devices smashed against the moon's surface in order to attach the robot to their radio transmitters.
The use of the "Surveyor" space vehicles, which were assigned to take away scientific data and engineering information (such mechanical powers, as, for example, carrying the building of the monthly soil), made a great contribution to the roman nature of Apollo, to the preparation of landings.
Automatic landings with varying sequences of commands, monitored by radar from a closed loop, were great technical achievements at that time. "Surveyori" were launched for the help of Atlas-Centaurus rockets (the cryogenic upper stages of "Atlas" were the greatest technical success of that hour) and were put into transfer orbits until Mіsyatsya. Landing maneuvers began 30 - 40 minutes before landing, the lead galvanic engine was on the radar about 100 kilometers before landing. The last stage (speed decrease of about 5 m / s) was carried out after the completion of the work of the head engine and the fall of yoga at a height of 7500 meters. Masa "Surveyor" at launch stored close to 1 ton and at planting - 285 kg. The head galm_vny dvigun with a solid-fire rocket with a weight of about 4 tons. The spacecraft maw trivisnu orientation system.
"Surveyor-3" on the Moon
Fine tools including two cameras for a panoramic view of the masses, a small bucket for digging a trench in the ground and (in the remaining three devices) an alpha analyzer for vimiryuvannya inverted dispersal of alpha particles with the method of assigning an elemental warehouse to planters. Retrospectively, the results of the chemical experiment have clarified in nature the surface of the Moon and its history. Five out of seven Surveyor launches were successful, all of them landed in the equatorial zone, the rest of the Crimea, which is near the area of Tycho crater Wikimedia Commons at 41° latitude.
The pilots of the Apollo spacecraft were on the offensive in the American program for the month. At the fierce fate of 1966, Apollo was tested in an unmanned version. However, those that happened on September 27, 1967, led to a successful program. During the whole day, astronauts E. White, R. Gaffi, V. Griss perished while half-light was sleeping for an hour of training on Earth. After investigating the reasons for testing, they became more complicated. In the early 1968 fate "Apollo - 8 (still without a moon cabin) was launched into a selenocentric orbit with distant rotations into the Earth's atmosphere with another space flight". The whole flight was flown around M_syatsya. Signs helped to clarify the place of the possible landing on the Month of people. On the 16th the "Apollo - 11" line was launched before the month of the month and on the 19th the line of viishov was put into the monthly orbit. On March 21, 1969, people landed on the Moon first - American astronauts N. Armstrong and E. Aldrin, delivered there by the Apollo 11 spacecraft. Radіatsії, Іntensive to the Soyuchah Vitra Vitrazoilo, Scho Torlovy Potіk Z Nadrh Mizyatsu, approximated by the Sadrich Mennis, Nіzh Z Nadrum Zalishkova Namagnіčіvіst, Shahko, Okzuєu, at the middle of Misya Tsyuzya, at the passage of the magnitude. Mysterny on the surface of another celestial body and tried it for another two years. 17"), five of them were completely successful. On the ship "Apollo - 13" through an accident on board, it happened to change the flight program, and the landing site on the Moon was broken and the flight was turned to Earth. In total, 12 astronauts visited the Month, the deacons tried on the Month a sprat of dib, zocrema until the age of 22 in a cabin position, traveled dozens of kilometers on a self-propelled apparatus. They were able to achieve great scientific achievements, they collected over 380 kilograms of a month's soil, which were taken up by laboratories in the USA and other countries. Works on the program of benefits for the month were carried out in the SRSR, but for a number of reasons, the remainder were completed.
"Apollo 11" on Month
After the "Apollo" pilot flights were not carried out on the month. Vchenim had a chance to be satisfied with the production of data on automatic and pilot flights in the 1960s and 1970s. The deyakі from them handed over the exploitation of the monthly resources to the future and directed their efforts to the development of processes, so that they could transform the monthly soil into materials, accessories for everyday life, for the production of energy for rocket engines. When planning a turn to the end of the month, without a doubt, it will be known that the stop is automatic, so the piloting of space vehicles.
In the 90s, before the month, two small automatic missions were introduced. For a period of 71 days in 1994, there was a mission in the orbit of Mіsyatsya, testing sensors for the space anti-missile defense system and conducting mapping of the contours and color of Mіsyatsya. In the course of the mission at the pivdenny pole, the shock pit Aitken - dirka in Mіsyatsi with a diameter of 2.6 yew was exploding. km and the depth is about 13 km. The blow is so strong, that, maybe, breaking through the entire bark to the very mantle. The color data, taken away by Clementine, together with information about the signs, taken away by the missions of Apollo, allow creating a map of the regional warehouse - I will first accurately "stone map" M_syatsya. Nareshti, Clementine gave us a subtle hint at those, that the dark areas of the moon's pole can be avenged by water ice, which comet strikes have brought with a stretch of millions of rocks.
Nezabara after Clementine Apparat robbed the mapping of the surface of the Moon in orbit by stretching his mission in 1998-1999. These data together with the subtraction of the hour of Mіsії Clementine gave us the most global compositional maps that show the folding of the measles of Mіsyatsya. Also, Lunar Prospector first mapped the surface magnetic fields of the month. The data showed that Descartes (Apollo 16 landing site) is one of the strongest magnetic zones of the month, which explains the surface of the world, developed by John Young in 1972. Mіsіya also showed great reserves of water at both poles, adding to the super rivers about the nature of the monthly ice.
Narazi people get ready to turn to the Moon. International missions are being planned to be put into a monthly orbit, with the method of laying down piles of cards of unreversed quality. Plans are being made for landings on Moon, zokrema, in the mysterious polar regions for the acquisition of new images of the surface, the cultivation of the vіdkladen and the unimaginable middle of these regions. I dare people to turn to Moon. For the first time, I will not bring to light what we can do (as it was at Apollo’s fall), but learn how to win the Moon for the support of new cosmic possibilities that are expanding. On the Month, people take away the skills that are necessary for life and work in other worlds. We have won the knowledge of the technology, schob vіdkriti sleepy system for the accomplishment of the people.
Monthly colony of the artist's eye
The history of the month, that process on the new church itself on its own, but the stench also subtly changed the look at our good past. One of the most significant events in the 80s of the XX century was a hard blow that struck 65 million years ago on the territory of present-day Mexico, which called the dinosaurs to extinction, which allowed the savants to rise up. It became possible to recognize and interpret the chemical and physical signs of a high-impact strike, and it appeared without delay due to the succession of impacts and forms of relief, carried out within the framework of the Apollo mission. Today, it is important that similar blows called out richly, as the greater number of global deaths in the history of life on Earth is not overestimated. It is a month to avenge the record of such podias, and in the future you can report them when you turn to the month.
Virushayuchi on M_syats, we can better understand the "robot" of the All-Sveta that our good weather. Vyvchennya Mіsyatsya changed the notification about the clogging of solid bodies. This process, which was previously considered rare and unimaginable, is now seen as fundamental to the evolution of the planets. Turning to the Moon, we are inspired by the possibility of knowing even more about our past and, no less important, look out of the corner of our eye into our future.
Tsіkavі facts.
- The month is depicted on the coats of arms and ensigns of such countries: Laos, Mongolia, Palau, Ensign Saami, Ensign Shanov (M'yanma). Month at the sight of images on the ensigns and coats of arms of such countries: the Ottoman Empire, Turkey, Tunisia, Algeria, Mauritania, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, the Turkish Republic of Pivnichny Cyprus.
- Among Muslims, the nation of the new month marks the beginning of the month of fasting - Ramadan.
- Everyone knows the first words of the month, the words of Neil Armstrong, but no one knows about the rest, saying Eugene Cernan on December 11, 1972: "Today's week of America, denoting the share of people tomorrow."
- The diameter of Mіsyatsya becomes 3476 km and may be more wide than Australia, and the total area of Mіsyatsya is 4 times smaller than Europe.
- On the Month you can get 6 times higher, lower on the Earth. This is because the force of gravity on the Moon becomes less than 1/6 of the Earth's gravitational force. However, don’t think that you’ll strebatime on the Moon so high - even if you’ll be wearing an important zahisny spacesuit.
- For the darkening of the Sun, the shadow, which is seen by the Moon, adds up to two kilometers for a second.
